Information on Hearing Loss
What is Noise-Induced Hearing Loss?
Noise-induced hearing loss is caused by exposure to loud noises that damage the tiny hairs inside the ear (more specifically, the cochlea). Damage to these cochlea is permanent and irreversible. It can occur instantly in extreme situations, or through repeated exposure to moderate or loud noise and noisy environments.
Causes
Noise-induced hearing loss can be caused by a one-time exposure to an intense “impulse” sound, such as an explosion, or by continuous exposure to loud sounds over an extended period of time, such as noise generated in a woodworking shop.
The loudness of sound is measured in units called decibels. For example, the humming of a refrigerator is 40 decibels, normal conversation is approximately 60 decibels, and city traffic noise can be 85 decibels. Sources of noise that can cause Noise Induced Hearing Loss include motorcycles, firecrackers, and small firearms, all emitting sounds from 120 to 150 decibels. Long, or repeated, exposure to sounds at, or above, 85 decibels can cause hearing loss. The louder the sound, the shorter the time period before Noise Induced Hearing Loss can occur. Sounds of less than 75 decibels, even after long exposure, are unlikely to cause hearing loss.
Who is affected by Noise Induced Hearing Loss?
People of all ages, including children, teens, young adults, and older people, can develop hearing loss. Exposure occurs in the workplace, in recreational settings, and at home. Recreational activities that cause can put someone at risk of hearing loss include target shooting and hunting, woodworking, listening to or playing loud music, and other hobbies. Harmful noises at home can come from music, lawnmowers, leaf blowers, and other power tools.
Can Noise Induced Hearing Loss be prevented?
It is 100 percent preventable. All individuals should understand the hazards of noise and how to practice good hearing health in everyday life. To protect your hearing:
- Know which noises can cause damage (those at or above 85 decibels).
- Wear earplugs or other hearing protective devices when involved in a loud activity
- Be alert to hazardous noise in the environment.
- Protect the ears of children who are too young to protect their own.
- Make family, friends, and colleagues aware of the hazards of noise.
If you suspect hearing loss, have a medical examination by an otolaryngologist (a physician who specializes in diseases of the ears, nose, throat, head, and neck) and a hearing test by an audiologist (a health professional trained to measure and help individuals deal with hearing loss).
Below is a table outlining different noisy activities and the exposure times until hearing damage.
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